SCIENCLY2U

OUR UNIVERSE NOTES 

 

UNIVERSE// The collection of all the matter, space and energy that exists, also known as the cosmos.

 

1889 -  Edwin Hubble is born

 

1914 - Edwin Hubble becomes an astronomer

 

1919 - Edwin Hubble discovers a nebulae outside the Milky Way (Hooker Telescope)

 

1920 - Edwin Hubble proves proves that the universe is expanding 

•Everything in the universe is moving and expanding!

 

*Astronmers know about approximately 100 billion galaxies that can be seen from Earth

 

*Inside our solar system, we use the Astronomical Unit (AU) to measure objects

 

*The AU is equal to the distance between the Earth and Sun (93 miles)

 

*Outside of our solar system, we use light years to measure distances

 

*A light year is the distance that travels in one year (5.88 trillion miles)

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GALAXY NOTES

GALAXY// a body held together by gravity that is made of millions of stars, gas, and dust.

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1845 - Lord Rosee draws the galaxy M51 without knowing what it is. 

1924 - Edwin Hubble presents the first evidence of other galaxies.  

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CLUSTER// a group of galaxies that are found close together. 

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SUPER CLUSTER// the largest structure in the universe composed of many glaxy clusters.- 

-galaxies are classified by their shape  

 

* The TYPICAL ACTIVE GALAXY  has a luminous core that emits huge jets of material. The center also has a glowing ring of gas and dust that surrounds a black hole. 

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* The Milky Way Galaxy belongs to the LOCAL GROUP CLUSTER of galaxies

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* Astronomers believe that the amount of material, the speed of the spin and the rate at which stars form all help to determine the shape of a galaxy.

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STAR NOTES

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NEBULAE// A cloud of dust and gas found in space.

Life Cycle of a Star::

*All stars are born from nebulae  (clouds of dust and gas).

*All stars start with a hydrogen core thats converted into helium.

*The larger the stars mass, the greater its luminosity or brightness, and the quicker it will use use up its fuel indicates the next part of its life cycle.

*Larger stars collapse to form a black hole and smaller stars collapse to form a neutron star.

STAR// A massive, hot, shining ball of gas. 

*STARS PRODUCE RADIO, MICROWAVE, HEAT ENRGY, LIGHT ENERGY, UV RADIATION, X-RAYS AND EVEN GAMMA RAYS.

1824 - 1910 - British astronomer William Huggins lived. He was the first to use spectroscopy in astronomy.

1906 - Ejnar Hertz sprung a Danish astronomer discovers a stars temperature and luminosity are linked.

•So light coming from a star tells an astronomer what the star consists of, how big it is, and how hot it is. 

BLACK HOLE// Formed by a collapsed star, has a very strong gravitational pull.

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CONSTELLATION NOTES

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CONSTELLATION// The pattern that a group of stars seems to make in the sky.

PLANETARIUM// A device used to project images of the stars or depict the solar system.

ZODIAC// The twelve constellations through which the sun, moon and planets appear to move.

ZODIACS::

Aquarius

Aries

Cancer

Capricorn

Gemini

Leo

Libra

Pisces

Sagittarius

Scorpio

Taurus

Virgo

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