Digestive System: It breaks down food so that the body can use its nutrients.

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Villi - Tinny, finger-like projections on the lining of the small instines.

 

Note: Starchy foods will become sweeter in the mouth because the amylase in your saliava turns into glucose/sugar. 

 

How Your Mouth Breaks Down Food

Starch (whole piece of food) > Maltose (broken down in pieces) > Glucose (broken down into pieces even smaller so you can swallow food)

 

1871 Wilhem Kuhne invents the term "enzyme" to describe sunstances that accelerate chemical reactions.

 

Digestive Enzyme - The fluids produced by digestive glands which contain enzymes that break down food into simpler substances. 

 

Note: The stomach churns and crushes food in preparation for the absorption phase of digestion. 

 

Note: The main job of the large intestine is to absorb water.  

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1833 - William Beaumont publishes the results of his experiments into the mechanisms of digestion. 

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4 steps of digestion

1. Indigestion is when food is taken into the mouth, chewed & swallowed.

2. Digestion is when food is broken down by muscular crushing & enzymes. 

3. Absorbption is the moving of nutrients into the blood  (by villis).

4. Egestion is the ejectionof waste.